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एम ए सेमेस्टर-1 - अंग्रेजी - द्वितीय प्रश्नपत्र - अंग्रेजी साहित्य 18वीं-20वीं शताब्दी

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एम ए सेमेस्टर-1 - अंग्रेजी - द्वितीय प्रश्नपत्र - अंग्रेजी साहित्य 18वीं-20वीं शताब्दी

Question- To break earth's sleep at all ?...... What does the poet mean by 'to break earth's sleep?

Answer -

In the beginning, there was no life on earth. The sun toiled millions of years to create life on it. So, by to break earth's sleep' the poet means to create life on earth.

Important Explanations

1.

Move him into the Sun-
Gently its touch awoke him once,
At home, Whispereing of fields unsown.
Always it woke him, even in France,
Until this morning and this snow.
If anything might rouse him now
The kind old seen will know.

Reference: These lines have been taken from the poem Futility' written by Gilfred Owen who was called war poet of 20th Century. The poem is written in the form of an elegiac lyric and it first appeared in 1918 in the nation.

Context: It is one of Owen's ferial poems, continues the auther's quest to criticise the war, it is written in the form of an elegy for an unnamed Soldier who passed on the war and died there was not prepared to die. He joined the war with the hope of securing his home, his nation.

Explanation: The poem begins by addressing the companions of the dead solider, urging them to 'more him into seen' with the hope that the gentle rays of the sun will revive his consciousness.

The Speaker by the line. 'Whispering of field half-sown' suggests that the Solider whose life is curtailed by the war is young and it is eagerly wished that the sun, which is a life -giner, Will once again bring the dead Soldier to life because half of his life experiences are yet to be received. It was always the sun that somehow wakes him up while he was at home or in France. However the speaker mertion that even the sun could not bring life into him on this snowy morning. Even though the speaker tried to bring in the image of light through the sun, yet this stanza ends in a state of depair for the soldier is dead. The soldier who has fought in the war and died there was not prepared to die., he joined the war with the hope of securing his home, his nation.

N.B. - 

1. Seen symboliyes at the image of God in this poem.
2. Assonance is the repetion of vowel sound in the same line such. For example- the sound of /l/in 'move him into the sun.'
3. The poem's tone ultimately comes across mournful, doubtful and discouraging.

2.

Think how it wakes the seeds-
Woke once the clays of a cold star.
Are limbs, so dear - achieved, are sider
Full nerved, still Warm, too hard to stir?
Was it for this the clay grew tail?
O What made fatuous sunbeams toil
To break earth is sleep at all?

Reference: As above

Context: The second stanza depicts a change in tone of the speaker who takes on a questioning attitude regarding life. The sun and the soil that lead to the growth of seeds is suggestive of how despite the soldier's death, life has to go on. It signfies the paradox of life and death.

Explanation: The second stanza opens with a similar image-that of Soil and seeds. It states, 'think how. It wakes the seeds' - showing that life, regardless of the soldier's death, will go on, Life has continued for much grander things, for much bigger things, for much more traumatic things and once again, Owen draws a connection between life, like the soil, and the man, now devoid of it. Owen trees again-Woke once the clay of a cold star, 'he writes, alluding to the Biblical story of man created out of Earth of God populating the planet with people, he had formed in his image. The speaker is Perplexed at how something as precious one beautiful as life can always lose out of death and puts forth a rhetorical question as a way of underlying his shock: 'Are limbs....... Too hard to Stir?' The dead body alblit Surrounded by warm Sunlight, Will never Come back to life. The Speaker then asks about 'Clay grew tall"?('Clay' being a reference to the earth that human beings Originally came from-an idea common in Creation myths thoughout the World, including bible) This Owen's religious Cries Coming to a head, Owen's Under Standing of religions Slowly Skevring towards the agnostic and the disbeliering.

The Speaker Woefully wonders in the poems final two lines why the 'Fatuous,' 'Or pointless, 'Sunbeams'Would help create life on earth in the first place. When that life would eventually die. Owen is asking, begging to gain an answer to Why did God bother making man and making the Earth only to lead him to this?Were we created just to bill each other? Futility ends on the silence that follows, learing the Questions Unanswered and extinguising all the sense of building hope that owen was gently grafted throught the Poem.

N.B. -

1. In this paragraph shows the use of the extended metaphors of life, Seeds, the Sun and the earth.
2. The poem shows the use of rhetorical questions as shows in the example-
'Full nerved, Still warm To Break earth's sleep at all?"
3.Symbolism clay is symbolic to birth, warmth and cold are symbolic to being alive and dead.

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    अनुक्रम

  1. Question- Describe Social and Historicals movements of post modern world wars (I & II).
  2. Question- Explain the meaning of Romanticism and the Romantic period.
  3. Question- What is Industrial revolution? Give its main characteristics.
  4. Question- Write a short biography of John Stuart Mill.
  5. Question- Write a detail note about Darwinism.
  6. Question- What do you know about modernism in English Literature?
  7. Question- What are some main characteristic features of modernism or in modernist literature?
  8. Question- What do you know about Modernism in Literature? Study it under the following heads- 1. Modern Fiction 2. Modem Poetry 3. Modern Drama.
  9. Question- What was the 20th century known for?
  10. Question- What is the theme of 20th century literature?
  11. Question- Write a note on 'Subjection of women'
  12. Question- Provide a summary on The Subjection of women chapter I'.
  13. Question- What is the structure of the Subjection of women?
  14. Question- What is social and legal status of women?
  15. Question- Describe Arnold as a prose writer.
  16. Question- "The pursuit of perfection is the pursuit of sweetness and light". Elucidate.
  17. Question- How does Arnold say that culture and religion are not in conflict with each other?
  18. Question- What is according to Arnold the ultimate goal of culture?ply
  19. Question- How does Arnold criticise the Puritans?
  20. Question- Write a note on the contribution made to English thought by Ruskin.
  21. Question- Describe characteristics of Ruskin's socialism.
  22. Question- Write the summary of the essay The Roots of Truth from "Unto The Last" by John Ruskin.
  23. Question- Write a note on Ruskin as an art critic.
  24. Question- Summarise Ruskin's views in Lecture on Work.
  25. Question- Attempt a critical Analysis of "The Queen's Looking Glass" Written by Gilbert and Gubar.
  26. Question- Describe the looking glass reveals the existence of patriarchy throughout various fairytales.
  27. Question- What are the different ways in which women tend to immerse themselves in unhealthy obsessions, and why do they do this?
  28. Question- What are some of the central dilemmas facing the "independent woman" in de Beauvoir's time?
  29. Question- How does de Beauvoir respond to those who believe that granting women greater equality means losing the "spice" of life?
  30. Question- Write a detailed note on Jean-Paul Sartre.
  31. Question- Write an essay on Existentialism and The Human Emotions.
  32. Question- Provide a background to Albert Camus's Myth of Sisyphus.
  33. Question- Provide a summary of the myth of Sisyphus.
  34. Question- What do you know about Myth of Sisyphus Chapter 1?
  35. Question- Write a short note on the life-sketch of Albert Camus.
  36. Question- Evaluate 'Rape of the Lock' as a mock heroic epicpoem.
  37. Question- What picture of the eighteenth century social life do we find in 'the Rape of the Lock'.
  38. Question- What did Belinda see in her sleep?
  39. Question- Discuss Clarrisa's speech in "The Rape of the Lock".
  40. Question- What items of toiletry stood displayed on Belinda's table in Canto I of "The Rape of the Lock'?
  41. Question- Discuss Wordsworth's contribution to English criticism.
  42. Question- Give a critical estimate of Wordsworth's 'Preface to Lyrical Ballads'.
  43. Question- Summarise William Wordsworth's views on Appendix on poetic diction.
  44. Question- Write a critical Appreciation of the poem "Tintern Abbey".
  45. Question- How is "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner' a romantic poem?
  46. Question- What are some important themes in The Rime of Ancient Mariner'?
  47. Question- Comment on the use of some important symbols in the poem.
  48. Question- What do you know about the poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner'? What is it all about?
  49. Question- Provide the summary of Part-I of the poem.
  50. Question- Provide a detailed summary of Part-II of The 'Rime of Ancient Mariner'.
  51. Question- Provide a summary of Part-III of The Rime of Ancient Mariner'.
  52. Question- Prodived summary of part-IV of "The Rime of Ancient Mariner'.
  53. Question- Provide a summary of Part-V of the poem.
  54. Question- Provide a summary of Part-VI of the Poem.
  55. Question- Provided a summary of Part-VII of the poem.
  56. Question- Comment upon limitations of Shelley as a poet.
  57. Question- Analyse Shelley's treatment of nature.
  58. Question- Critically examine Shelley's "To a Skylark”.
  59. Question- Write a note on the use of poetic devices and figures of speech as used in the poem.
  60. Question- Critically appreciate the poem 'Uphill' in your own words.
  61. Question- Understand the poem under the following heads.
  62. Question- What do you know about the poem 'Uphill' ?
  63. Question- Provide the summary of the poem in your own words.
  64. Question- How is the poem 'Uphill' a poem of faith, doubt and religious vision?
  65. Question- Write a note on Eliot's life and works.
  66. Question- Write a note on the structure of Eliot's 'The Waste Land'.
  67. Question- Eliot's "The Waste Land' is an expression of the disillusionment of a Generation.'
  68. Question- How does Eliot explore suffering and hope in The Waste Land' and other poems ?
  69. Question- Analyse "A Game of Chess".
  70. Question- What is the significance of Da', 'Da, Da' in the last section of "The Waste Land' entitled 'What The Thunder Said'.
  71. Question- What are some important themes dealt with in The Second Coming'?
  72. Question- How is W.B. Yeats' poem The Second Coming' an apocalyptic poem ?
  73. Question- What is your view is Yeats contribution to modern poetry?
  74. Question- Write a note on the life of W.B. Yeats and his quest for Irishness.
  75. Question- How does The Second Coming' reflect the historical context of the time in which it was written?
  76. Question- How (and why) does The Second Coming' use mythology and ancient themes to express the onset of modernity?
  77. Question- Describe Yeats The Second Coming' in relationship to several works it has inspired. Why has 'The Second Coming' persisted in the popular imagination.
  78. Question- Is the 'rough beast' necessarily an evil thing?
  79. Question- Comment on the use of symbols in the poem.
  80. Question- What are the various literary devices used in the poem?
  81. Question- Provide a summary of the poem in your own words.
  82. Question- "Wilfred Owen as a War Poet". Explain it.
  83. Question- Give the brief summary of the poem 'Futility' by Wilfred owen.
  84. Question- Write a critical appreciation of the poem 'Futility'.
  85. Question- What kind of poem is 'Futility' by wilfred Owen ?
  86. Question- How does the poet express the pity of war in 'Futility"?
  87. Question- What is the meaning of the poem 'Futility' by William Blabe?
  88. Question- What is the main theme of the poem 'Futility"?
  89. Question- What influenced Wilfred Owen to write war poetry?
  90. Question- What is the poet's attitude towards war in the poem. 'Futility"?
  91. Question- 'Was it for this the clay grew tall?' Bring out the Significance of this line?
  92. Question- 'Move him into the Sun'.............Who is the speaker? Who is to be moved and why?
  93. Question- 'O What made fatuous Sunbeams toil'....... Why did sunbeams toil? Why are they called fatuous?
  94. Question- To break earth's sleep at all ?...... What does the poet mean by 'to break earth's sleep?
  95. Question- Bring out the important themes of the poem, 'Hawk Roosting.'
  96. Question- How is the poem a dramatic monologue ?
  97. Question- Provide stanza-wise explanation of the poem.
  98. Question- Discuss the poem 'Hawk Roosting' as a comment on human society.
  99. Question- Write a short biography of Ted Hughes.
  100. Question- Comment on the physical features of the hawk highlighted in the poem and their significance.
  101. Question- How does the poem emphasize the physical prowess of the hawk ?
  102. Question- "There is no sophistry in my body' - this statement expresses the brutal frankness of the hawk. Does the poet suggest something through this statement ?
  103. Question- 'Now I hold Creation in my foot' explain the centrality of this assertion in the poem. What makes the hawk's assertion of its invincibility so categorical?
  104. Question- Why is the poem titled, 'Hawk Roosting'?
  105. Question- Bring out the parallel suggested between the predatory instincts of the bird and human behaviour.
  106. Question- Give a detailed account of life and career' works, influences and achievements of Seamus Heaney.
  107. Question- How would you visualize Seamus Heaney as a poet?
  108. Question- Give critical analysis of the poem 'Digging' by Seamus Heaney.
  109. Question- Discuss the themes used in the poem - 'Digging'.
  110. Question- Write a biographical note on Synge.
  111. Question- Provide a summary of the Riders to The Sea.
  112. Question- What are some important themes of the play?
  113. Question- Provide a detailed character sketch of Maurya.
  114. Question- How is 'Riders to the Sea' a classical tragedy?
  115. Question- What is the role of the sea in 'Riders To The Sea' by J.M. Synge?
  116. Question- Write a note on the use of symbols in Riders to the Sea.
  117. Question- Write a note on the popularity of the play.
  118. Question- Write a note on the human relationship in the play 'Look Back in Anger'.
  119. Question- Describe Alison's account of her marriage given to Helena.
  120. Question- Write a note on the title of the play 'Look Back in Anger'.
  121. Question- Give a brief analysis of the opening scene of 'Look Back in Anger.'
  122. Question- Give a brief summary of Samuel Beckett's life?
  123. Question- What is the message given through this play 'Waiting for Godot'?
  124. Question- Waiting for Godot is a metaphor of human life. Comment.
  125. Question- Vladimir and Estragon are the main characters of the play 'Waiting for Godot'. Give a brief idea about their characters ?
  126. Question- Pozzo and Lucky are a pair of master and slave. How was their relationship with each other.
  127. Question- Harold Pinter as the Absurdist-Existentialist playwright. Explain it.
  128. Question- What is the theme of the play. "The Home coming" writer by Harold Pinter.
  129. Question- Writer a brief summary the play, "The Homecoming" written by Harold Pinter.
  130. Question- What is Harold Pinter's style to writing?
  131. Question- What is the primary focus of Pinter's Writing in the Homecoming?
  132. Question- Whose Homecoming it?
  133. Question- What role of morality in the play "The Homecoming"?
  134. Question- How does Pinter Portray women and family in The Homecoming?
  135. Question- What are the issue of misogyny and gender in Harold Pinter's Homecoming?
  136. Question- What is the general theme of Gulliver's Travels.
  137. Question- Describe the character of Gulliver in detail.
  138. Question- Write a note on the realistic effect in Gulliver's Travel.
  139. Question- Comment upon womenhood and its implications in Richardson's Pamela.
  140. Question- What are the various themes in the novel?
  141. Question- Critically appreciate the novel.
  142. Question- Write a short note on Samuel Richardson.
  143. Question- Provide a detailed Summary of Pamela; or Virtue Rewarded.
  144. Question- What is the main theme of the novel?
  145. Question- Comment on the class differences which is quite a striking feature in Richardson's Pamela.
  146. Question- Give the character sketch of Pamela.
  147. Question- What is an Epistolary Novel? What are the advantages and disadvantages of epistolary writing? Explain with reference to the novel 'Pamela'.
  148. Question- Comment on the society in 18th and 19th Century England.
  149. Question- What do you know about the earlier affairs in the novel?
  150. Question- Attempt the character sketch of Mr. B.
  151. Question- What do you understand by the Industrial Revolution? In what way do you think it changed the relationship between various social groups. Do you think such changes are inevitable?
  152. Question- Comment on the narrative technique in the novel; 'Wuthering Heights'.
  153. Question- Provide a summary the novel.
  154. Question- What do you regard Heathcliff as a Byronic or a Romantic Hero or both? Reason your answer.
  155. Question- What is the significance of Hindley's remark that his sister looks like a 'lady'? Is lady' the same as 'memsahab?
  156. Question- How is the institution of marriage discussed in the novel? Elaborate with reference to the Victorian age.
  157. Question- How does the novel give enough proof of the patriarchal society and how Catherine tries to oppose the malecentric norms set in ?
  158. Question- What are some important themes of 'Wuthering Heights"?
  159. Question- How is prison used as a motif in 'Wuthering Heights'.
  160. Question- Write a short note on the life and works of Emily Bronte.
  161. Question- Write a short note on Charlotte Bronte.
  162. Question- Attempt a character Sketch of Jane Eyre.
  163. Question- How does Charlotte Bronte incorporate elements of the Gothic tradition into the novel?
  164. Question- Is Jane Eyre a likable protagonist? Why or why not?
  165. Question- How does Jane Eyre compare to Bertha Marton?
  166. Question- How does the novel comment on the position of women in Victorian society?
  167. Question- Considering his treatment of Bertha Mason, is Mr. Rochester a sympathetic or unsympathetic character?
  168. Question- How does Mr. Rochester compare to St. John Rivers ?
  169. Question- What is the role of family in the novel?
  170. Question- Why is Jane unable to stay with Mr. Rochester after his marriage to Bertha Mason is revealed?
  171. Question- What is the significance of Charlotte Bronte ending the novel with a statement from St. John Rivers?
  172. Question- Considering the various times the moon appears, what is the significance of the moon motif in Jane Eyre?
  173. Question- How does Bronte use descriptions of nature in Jane Eyre to set mood?
  174. Question- Provide a summary of the novel.
  175. Question- What are the major themes of the novel?
  176. Question- Give a detailed character sketch of Marlow.
  177. Question- Provide a detailed character sketch of Mr. Kurtz.
  178. Question- Critically analyse the various aspects of 'Heart of Darkness'.
  179. Question- What are the effects of the narrative frame as it is introduced in part of Heart of Darkness?
  180. Question- In part 1 of Heart of Darkness, what mood is created through the narrator's description of the tide, river and ships?
  181. Question- What effect does Conrad achieve in Heart of Darkness by layering the narrator's Marlow's and Kurtz's voices in the story?
  182. Question- In what ways does Kurtz's African mistress in Heart of Darkness contrast with Marlow's aunt and Krutz's Intended?
  183. Question- In Part 1 of Heart of Darkness, how does the African slave wearing 'white worsted' around his neck in the thicket of death develop the theme of imperialism?
  184. Question- In heart of Darkness, what are two ways in which Marlow penetrates 'deeper and deeper into the heart of darkness'?
  185. Question- In the novel, what does Marlow mean when he says that human beings need a 'deliberate belief" in their research for meaning of truth?
  186. Question- How does the setting of Heart of Darkness support the truth of Marlow's assessment regarding Kurtz that 'the essentials of this affair lay deep under the surface'?
  187. Question- In the novel, how does the the content of Kurtz's report for the International Society for the Suppression of savage custom contract with the poetscript?
  188. Question- In what ways are Marlow and Kurtz similar in 'Heart of Darkness'?
  189. Question- In Heart of Darkness, how does the Russians' clothing resemble the map of Africa in the company office?
  190. Question- How does the three part division of the Heart of Darkness function?
  191. Question- During the journey down the river in Heart of Darkness, What is Marlow's relationship with the manager and with Kurtz ?
  192. Question- In the novel, how do both Kurtz and his Intended suffer from self-delusion?
  193. Question- How are the beginning and the end of Heart of Darkness similar?
  194. Question- In what ways is Heart of Darkness a modernist novella?
  195. Question- D.H. Lowerence novel, 'Women in Love' is called modern man's divided nature. Explain it.
  196. Question- What are relationship between the works of Lawerence and Nietzschean philosophy 'In women in Love.' novel?
  197. Question- Character analysis of Gerald Crich and Ursula in novel 'Women in Love'?
  198. Question- Write a note on plot summary of the novel 'Women in Love.'
  199. Question- What is the theme of women in love by D. H. Lawerence ?
  200. Question- What are different themes of 'Women in Love"?
  201. Question- The two central female characters in 'Women in Love' are both lively and independent. What do the Brangwen sisters (female Characters) tell us about Lawerence's society?
  202. Question- Describe Gerald Crich and Rupert Birkin's relationship. What does their struggle represent, and why is it so central to the novel?
  203. Question- In novel 'Women in Love' what is the key difference between Ursula and Gudrun and why is it important for understanding the novel?
  204. Question- The two central male characters in 'Women in Love' are spirited individual with their social world. Compare and contrast Birkin and Gerald.
  205. Question- Women in love contains many thoughtful literary allusions most of which are made by Birkin. Choose some key examples and discuss the role they play during important scenes in the novel.
  206. Question- What are the important themes of 'A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man' ?
  207. Question- Comment on the artistic alienation in James Joyce's Portrait of the Artist As a Young Man.
  208. Question- How is the novel an aesthetic autobiography of James Joyce?
  209. Question- Analyse the novel critically paying special emphasis on the character of Stephen Dedalus.
  210. Question- Write a short note on James Joyce.
  211. Question- Comment on the overall structure of the novel.
  212. Question- What do you know about Stephen Dedalus ?
  213. Question- What do you think of the various women that come in Stephen's life in the novel?
  214. Question- Comment on repetition and symbolism as literary devices used in the novel.
  215. Question- How is stream-of-consciousness technique employed in 'A Portrait.......? Give one example of epiphany from the novel.
  216. Question- What do you know about the aesthetic theory put forward by Stephen?
  217. Question- Provide a detailed summary of the novel.
  218. Question- Write a note on the symbolic significance of the novel 'To The Light House'.
  219. Question- Discuss the stream of consciousness technique as used by Virginia Woolf in To The Light House'.
  220. Question- Write a note on the character of Mrs. Ramsay.
  221. Question- 'Her novels have been greeted as original experiments in a new technique of fiction, the explorations of the consciousness replacing the exploration of event. 'Discuss with reference to Virginia Woolf's To The Light House'.
  222. Question- Discuss the theme of the novel To The Lighthouse'.
  223. Question- Sketch briefly the character of Lily Briscoe.
  224. Question- 'Consider the novel To The Lighthouse' as a psychological novel.
  225. Question- How is Mr. Ramsay opposite to Mrs. Ramsay?
  226. Question- Who is James Ramsay? Who role does he play in "To The Lighthouse"?

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